The Morrison government is under renewed pressure to commit to net zero emissions by 2050, after a dire warning from Australia's chief science agency about the nation's changing climate.
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CSIRO's State of the Climate report showed Australia's climate had warmed on average by 1.44 degrees since 1910, while oceans around the country were acidifying, and have warmed by around one degree.
Director of CSIRO's Climate Science Centre, Dr Jaci Brown, said on current trends, Australia was likely to experience 3.2 degrees of warming by the end of the century.
This would mean Australia would face more frequent extreme weather events like bushfires, droughts, and marine heatwaves.
Avoiding the worst of it would require climate mitigation and adaption, Dr Brown said.
"I think this is a big challenge going forward and it's going to take a lot of countries all working together and getting on board to meet this challenge," Dr Brown said.
Australia has signed the Paris agreement, which aims for global net zero emissions in the second half of the century.
The country's emissions have fallen 14 per cent since 2005. Across the OECD, emissions have fallen by around 9 per cent.
However countries like the the UK have gone further by legislating a target of zero net emissions by 2050.
Dr Brown said it was not the role of the CSIRO to offer an opinion on whether Australia should follow suit.
"The State of the Climate report ... is to give you and the rest of Australia information in your hands to help you make those decisions," she said.
"Our role as climate scientists is to map out what's changing, how quickly its changing and in the future what all those different targets will look like.
"We want to provide you with that information so you can make those decisions, so you've got the future that you want, that you've chosen that future rather than just being surprised with what future comes upon us."
A Morrison government spokesman said Australia was "committed to playing our part in a global response by meeting and beating our international targets".
"Climate change is a global problem requiring a global solution," he said.
"We are taking action to mitigate the impacts of climate change while protecting the livelihoods of Australians in the process."
He pointed to the$3.5 billion Climate Solutions Package, the Technology Investment Roadmap and the $1.9 billion New Energy Technologies Package in the October budget.
Other investments include $2.8 billion for Antarctic scientific and climate research including the million-year ice core, $37 million for climate prediction monitoring through the CSIRO Climate Science Centre and $36.3 million for the National Sea Simulator to help research ocean acidification and warming to further protect the Great Barrier Reef.
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But Labor's climate change spokesman Mark Butler said Australia was being left behind.
"Scott Morrison will ignore this CSIRO and BOM report, just like he does every other climate report," Mr Butler said.
"There are members of the Morrison government that still don't believe the climate science and question the authority of the BOM.
"Federal Labor, every state and territory government, and Australia's biggest businesses back net zero emissions by 2050. It's Scott Morrison who is completely isolated on climate change."